Disputes resolved outside of court by arbitrators (under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996).
Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 deals with cheque bounce cases.
Under Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, Section 25 refers to awards made by Lok Adalats, treated as decree of a civil court.
Section 19 of the Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act, 1993 (formerly RDDBFI Act) allows banks/Fls to file recovery cases in Debt Recovery Tribunals (DRT).
Allows banks to take physical possession of assets (like mortgaged properties) with help from a District Magistrate, without court intervention.
Filed to enforce a court judgment or decree, usually to recover money or possession.
Filed under Articles 226 (High Court) or 32 (Supreme Court) for violation of fundamental rights or legal rights.
Filed by a-consumer for deficiency in service or defective goods under the Consumer Protection Act.
Usually a general term for a case filed against a person or entity; could refer to any criminal, civil, or special statute.
Appeal filed under Section 17 or 18 of the SARFAESI Act against actions like property seizure.
A case filed for disputes like property, contracts, damages, injunctions.
Appeals under Section 18 of the RDDB Act against DRT orders.
Application under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act to set aside an arbitral award.
Filed in National Company Law Tribunal, mainly for : Insolvency (under IBC) Company law matters (mergers, oppression, etc.) Jurisdiction: Corporate entities
Appeals against orders of NCLT, heard by the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal.
